Budget 2025-26: A Plan to Address Key Gaps in the Renewable Energy Ecosystem
Overview and Current Scenario
The renewable energy sector is at a pivotal point as India prepares for the Union Budget FY25–26. Industry experts have expressed their expectations for additional funding, legislative actions, and support systems to hasten India’s shift to clean energy. The government’s dedication to sustainability was demonstrated by the 2024–25 budget’s significant rise in the renewable energy provision, which went from the previous year’s revised estimate of Rs 7,848 crore to Rs 19,100 crore.
Energy is pulsing through the most recent renewable energy report card. According to the latest report released by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, India’s total installed capacity witnessed a surge of about 15.84%, 209.44 GW in December 2024, from about 180 GW in the period last year. Compared to the 13.05 GW installed in 2023, the total capacity added in 2024 was 28.64 GW, a 119.46% increase year over year. Solar power led the rise in 2024 with the addition of 24.54 GW, but hydro used to be a significant contributor to the expansion of RE capacity. Its cumulative installed capacity increased from 73.32 GW in 2023 to 97.86 GW in 2024, a 33.47% increase. With an extra 3.42 GW added in 2024, the overall wind capacity increased to 48.16 GW, a 7.64% increase from 2023. Wind energy also played a role in this expansion.
Now, at about 210 GW, RE capacity has surpassed 42% of its 2030 objective of 500 GW. To meet the RE target set by Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the Glasgow climate summit in 2021, an additional 290 GW will need to be added over the course of the following six years. Even though last year’s yearly capacity gain was remarkable by historical standards, it is insufficient to reach 500 GW of RE capacity by 2030. To reach this goal, the yearly run rate will need to increase to around 50 GW.
Even while everyone involved in the RE sector is optimistic, it suggests that additional actions and policies are required to accelerate the development of RE capacity. The upcoming Union budget might provide the perfect opportunity to address some of the gaps preventing the quick integration of RE power.
Key Issues hindering the progress of the RE Sector
Rooftop Solar suffers from slower growth
For utility-scale projects, rooftop solar units are a convenient approach to rapidly increase RE capacity due to gestation time and other considerations. The PM – Surya Ghar: Mufti Bijli Yojana is a positive start in this area as it intends to employ rooftop solar units to illuminate one crore houses with an investment of Rs 75,000 crore.
However, the plan appears to be moving at a slower pace than estimated. According to estimates from industry specialists, over 6 lakh installations have been completed to date. This must rise quickly, and the target may have to be expanded in order to meet the desired capacity in the near future. According to sources, the national goal is to reach 40 GW of rooftop solar power by 2025, even if targets in the RE sector are always changing. Currently, the capacity of rooftop solar power in India has reached up to 13 GW (as of the latest reports updated in 2024). Nevertheless, the scheme appears to be moving slowly. According to estimates from industry specialists, over 6 lakh installations have been completed to date. This must rise quickly, and the target may have expanded. Further, the national goal is to reach 40 GW of rooftop solar power by 2025, even if targets in the RE sector are always changing. The capacity has reached 13 GW through the end of 2024.
Issues ranging from financial obstacles to legal restrictions and a lack of awareness are blamed for the sluggish growth. For the rooftop solar project to be successful, these issues must be addressed in the February Union budget.
Energy Storage acts as a barrier to RE sector development
Energy storage is another issue that frequently impedes the advancement of RE. India’s energy storage system has not kept up with the country’s increased RE generation. As a result, there is an imbalance between the supply and demand for energy, making the grid more susceptible to blackouts and inefficiencies. India is now obsessed with two forms of energy storage: pumped storage and batteries. These projects may not be able to meet the 60 GW of storage capacity required by 2030, based on their present and planned state.
India needs to take a multifaceted approach in order to get past this storage barrier and realize its full RE potential. This entails making investments in the development of novel battery technologies, broadening its range of energy storage products, and cultivating an environment that facilitates the quick implementation of storage solutions. Thus, by offering incentives to promote the creation of new storage technologies and their implementation, the February budget can start the process.
Smart Meters still in incubation?
Another weak link that prevents RE growth is grid infrastructure. The distribution companies in different states must be connected, and smart meters must be quickly deployed, in order to transition to a clean electricity system. Once more, there is a significant discrepancy between execution and target. Approximately 7.3 million smart prepayment meters have been installed nationwide thus far under the Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS), according to statistics presented to Parliament in December of last year.
With an investment of Rs 3.3 lakh crore, the program, which was introduced in July 2021, aims to install over 250 million smart prepaid meters by March 2025. Thus, the lack of progress in smart meter development raises a legitimate question.
Conclusion
There is an opportunity to examine the problem and provide improvements in the Union budget for 2025–2026. While there are many opportunities in RE, there are also many challenges. It is clear that a yearly budget is insufficient to handle every problem. These yearly exercises, however, give the government a chance to address any current issues that could hinder the expansion of RE.
The image added is for representation purposes only